1、Application of membrane separation technology in food industry

21世纪以来，由于我国食品工业飞速发展，国家也在大力提倡可持续发展战略，全社会共同建立环境友好型社会。膜分离技术的优点是耗能低、没有任何污染，而且在防治杂菌污染和热敏性物质失活方面发挥着重要作用，鉴于膜分离技术的这些优点，使得其在食品加工行业被广泛应用，其市场前景一片看好。

Since twenty-first Century, due to the rapid development of China's food industry, the state has also strongly advocated sustainable development strategy, and the whole society has built an environment-friendly society. The advantages of membrane separation technology are low energy consumption, no pollution, and play an important role in the prevention and control of mixed bacteria pollution and heat sensitive material inactivation. In view of the advantages of membrane separation technology, it has been widely used in the food processing industry, and its market prospects are promising.

1、膜分离技术在饮料工业中的应用

a. The application of membrane separation technology in the beverage industry

果蔬汁加工的传统工艺，不仅使果蔬的风味和营养受到损害，而且能耗高，生产成本也较高。但是膜分离技术中超滤以及反渗透技术取代了果蔬汁传统加工工艺，使得加工的果蔬汁保持风味以及营养价值的愿望得以实现。

The traditional processing technology of fruit and vegetable juice not only damages the flavor and nutrition of fruits and vegetables, but also has high energy consumption and high production cost. However, the technology of ultrafiltration and reverse osmosis in membrane separation technology replaced the traditional processing technology of fruit and vegetable juice, and the desire to maintain the flavor and nutritional value of the processed fruit and vegetable juice was realized.

2、膜分离技术在浓缩果汁中的应用

b. application of membrane separation technology in concentrated juice

反渗透技术在果汁浓缩中被广泛使用，目前在苹果、梨、柑橘、菠萝等一些水果汁的加工中被成功运用。浓缩作为果汁加工中的重要工序，其加工工艺对浓缩的果汁质量有直接影响。传统果汁浓缩加工工艺使用的是蒸发技术，但是果蔬的营养物质以及热敏性物质很容易受到蒸发技术中高温的影响。膜分离技术中反渗透技术的使用就使这些问题迎刃而解。反渗透技术在果汁浓缩过程中能够将一些分子质量小于500的低分子有机物或者有机物水溶液进行分离，浓缩过程中的压力在0.1-10MPa之间，比较容易控制。

Reverse osmosis technology is widely used in juice concentrating, and has been successfully applied to some fruit juices such as apples, pears, oranges and pineapples. As an important process in fruit juice processing, its processing technology has a direct impact on the quality of concentrated fruit juice. Evaporation technology is used in the traditional juice concentrating process, but the nutrients and heat sensitive substances of fruits and vegetables are easily affected by the high temperature in the evaporation technology. The use of reverse osmosis technology in membrane separation technology makes these problems readily solved. In the process of juice concentration, reverse osmosis technology separates some low molecular weight organic or organic water solutions with molecular mass less than 500. The pressure in the concentration process is between 0.1-10MPa and is easier to control.

3、膜分离技术在饮料业中的水处理中的应用

c. Application of membrane separation technology in water treatment of beverage industry

膜分离技术能够将水中的杂质进行有效分离，提高水的质量，水质量的好坏决定饮料质量好坏，因为水是饮料的主要成分。膜分离技术保证饮料水的质量就是保证饮料的质量。

The membrane separation technology can effectively separate the impurities in the water and improve the quality of water. The quality of water determines the quality of the beverage, because water is the main component of the beverage. Membrane separation technology to ensure the quality of beverage water. That is to ensure the quality of beverages.

2. Application of membrane separation technology in food fermentation

1、调味产品

a. Flavoring products

酱油、味精、醋等发酵调味产品在我国的消费量很大，膜分离技术由于在处理液态物料的脱盐、浓缩和除菌方面具有突出的优点，因此在上述调味产品的规模化生产中迅速得到应用。特别是近年来，消费市场对低盐和营养强化酱油、粮食发酵味精等新产品的需求增加以及对传统酱油、味精高污染工艺绿色改良的要求，膜技术显示出越来越重要的作用。

The consumption of fermented flavoring products, such as soy sauce, monosodium glutamate and vinegar, is very high in our country. Membrane separation technology has a prominent advantage in dealing with the desalination, concentration and desiccation of liquid materials, so it is rapidly applied in the large-scale production of the above flavored products. Especially in recent years, membrane technology has been playing a more and more important role in the demand for new products such as low salt and nutritional fortified soy sauce, grain fermented glutamate and other new products, as well as the requirements for the green improvement of traditional soy sauce and monosodium glutamate pollution.

江南大学发明了“一种应用膜过滤技术生产纯生酱油的方法”，发明方法包括：先将发酵成熟的酱油沉降一定时间后，在普通的预过滤处理后，再用微滤膜过滤而得到成品酱油。与现有技术相比，该方法既可以保证酱油的有效除菌，又能使酱油保持原有的风味；能有效地去除不必要的蛋白，延长酱油的货架期，并使酱油的营养成分尽可能少地丢失。因而，该方法能克服现有技术的缺陷，且操作简单，被过滤的酱油回收率高，又能够提供更有利于工业化生产的工艺条件。

The invention of "a method of applying membrane filtration technology to produce pure raw soy sauce" was invented by Jiangnan University. The method includes: after settling the matured soy sauce for a certain time, after the ordinary prefiltration, the finished soy sauce was obtained by the filter membrane filtration. Compared with the existing technology, this method can not only ensure the effective bacteria removal of soy sauce, but also keep the original flavor of soy sauce; it can effectively remove unnecessary protein, prolong the shelf life of soy sauce and make the nutritional components of soy sauce as little as possible. Therefore, the method can overcome the defects of the existing technology, and the operation is simple, the filtered soy sauce has high recovery rate, and it can also provide the technological conditions which are more beneficial to the industrial production.

2、在乳品工业中的应用

b. Application in dairy industry

反渗透、超过滤技术在乳品工业中的应用，主要是乳清蛋白的回收和牛乳的浓缩。美国首先用反渗透法研究了乳清蛋白的回收，然后又发展了用超过滤法回收乳清蛋白。目前，超过滤法已作为回收乳清蛋白的标准技术，在各国乳品工业中得到广泛的应用。

The application of reverse osmosis and ultrafiltration technology in the dairy industry is mainly the recovery of whey protein and the concentration of milk. In the United States, the recovery of whey protein was first studied by reverse osmosis, and then the whey protein was recovered by over filtration. At present, the filtration method has been used as a standard technology for the recovery of whey protein, and has been widely applied in dairy industry in various countries.

膜分离技术在牛乳和乳清加工中主要是用超过滤法从干酪乳清中回收乳清蛋白以及用超过滤法浓缩脱脂牛乳，也可以采用反渗透法，但更多的工厂采用的是超过滤法，或者将两种方法组合。采用膜分离技术可以获得很多乳制品品种，同时提高了产品的质量。

In the process of milk and whey, membrane separation technology mainly uses the filtration method to recover whey protein from cheese whey and to concentrate the skimmed milk with the filtration method, and the reverse osmosis method can be used, but more factories use the filtration method or combine the two methods. Many kinds of dairy products can be obtained by membrane separation technology, and the quality of the products is improved.

我国乳品工业近年来得到较大发展，但与国外相比仍有很大差距，品种质量都有待不断提高，用膜分离技术加工乳品更经济有效。目前，国内膜分离技术在乳品工业中的应用尚处于试验阶段，内蒙古轻工业研究所采用丹麦DDS公司板式反渗透和超过滤装置进行了马乳的浓缩试验，无锡化工研究设计院采用管式超过滤组件进行了牛乳的浓缩试验。另外，上海、大连等地也曾进行过用超过滤回收乳清蛋白的研究。

The dairy industry in China has been greatly developed in recent years, but there is still a big gap compared with foreign countries, and the quality of the varieties needs to be improved continuously. It is more economical and effective to use membrane separation technology to process dairy products. At present, the application of membrane separation technology in the dairy industry is still in the experimental stage. The Inner Mongolia Light Industry Institute used the Danish DDS company's plate reverse osmosis and ultrafiltration device to carry out the concentration test of the milk. The Wuxi chemical research and Design Institute adopted the tube type ultrafiltration component to carry out the concentration test of the milk. In addition, Shanghai, Dalian and other places have also carried out ultrafiltration of whey protein.

3、膜分离技术在食品发酵工业领域中的应用研究进展

c. Application of membrane separation technology in food fermentation industry

膜分离技术与食品、发酵工业的结合分别始于20世纪60年代和80年代，进入21世纪后，随着膜制造技术的进步和食品发酵工业的快速发展，膜技术逐渐成为食品发酵工业的发展趋势和学术研究热点。

The combination of membrane separation technology and food and fermentation industry began in 1960s and 80s respectively. After entering twenty-first Century, with the progress of membrane manufacturing technology and the rapid development of the food fermentation industry, membrane technology has gradually become the development trend of the food fermentation industry and the hot spot of academic research.

从工业应用来看，世界主要膜材制造公司，如国外的Pall、Millipore、Myklrolis、Ion-ics、Zenon，Hynux，国内的天津膜天膜工程技术公司、中蓝膜技术有限公司、南京久吾膜技术有限公司等均有各种规格型号的膜件用于生物制药、功能性食品、医药因子的发酵生产以及蛋白质、碳水化合物大分子的分离精制。Ajinomoto（味之素，世界氨基酸生产第一大公司）、安琪酵母、Novozyme（诺维信，世界第一大酶制剂生产公司）、AEStaley、Cargill（淀粉糖）、Cerestar、ADM等国内外食品发酵工业的著名企业，也已经在生产中广泛采用膜技术。

From the view of industrial application, the world's main membrane materials manufacturing companies, such as foreign Pall, Millipore, Myklrolis, Ion-ics, Zenon, Hynux, domestic Tianjin membrane engineering technology company, medium blue membrane technology Co., Ltd. and Nanjing Chang Wu Film Technology Co., Ltd. all have various specifications and models for biological pharmaceuticals and functions. Fermentation and production of protein and carbohydrate macromolecules. Ajinomoto (flavour, the world's largest company in amino acid production), Angel yeast, Novozyme (the world's largest enzyme preparation company), AEStaley, Cargill (starch sugar), Cerestar, ADM and other famous enterprises in the domestic and foreign food fermentation industry, also have widely used membrane technology in production.